Dynamic Freedom: Substrate Stress Relaxation Stimulates Cell Responses- Crimson Publishers

Dynamic Freedom: Substrate Stress Relaxation Stimulates Cell Responses by Kamol Dey in Research in Medical & Engineering Sciences

Natural tissues comprise a population of cells, extra cellular matrix (ECM) and signaling biomolecules. The only living component, cell, interacts with each other and with the ECM in an incredibly multifaceted way. From the materials point of view, cells are highly dynamic viscoelastic materials; reside in highly dynamic three dimensional (3D) viscoelastic ECM, communicate with its surrounding in a highly dynamic and complex way, and form a highly dynamic viscoelastic tissue [1,2]. The cells can continually read the microenviromental cues such as stiffness, porosity, topography etc. and respond to them in a mechano-sensitive way to maintain the both cellular and tissue health [3]. It has been long recognized that matrix integrity or stiffness has profound influences on cell function and fate [4-7]. Furthermore, cells exert forces on the matrix and gauge the feedback to make cell-fate decisions [8]. In a recent study, Chaudhuri et al. [9] show that stress relaxation, the ability of the matrix to dissipate cell-exerted forces, is a key mechanical signal to modulate stem cells fate and activity [9].

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